英语语法概念——句子及分句

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如：I walked along, and he followed me.

       I talked to him, but he wouldn’t listen to me.

       I must work, or I shall be starved, but I am so ill.

       She loves me, so I love her, but John loves her, too.

如果分句起形容词的作用，修饰一名词或代词，这种分句就称为形容词从句(或定语从句)，句子的其他部分称为主句( Main Clause或 Principal Clause)

如：I know the man who killed the woman. (形容词从句，修饰man, I know the man为主句)

       He entered the room where many of his friends were waiting. ( He entered the room为主句，where引带的为形容词从句，从句修饰 room)

如果从句起副词的作用，修饰句子中的另一动词，这种分句称为副词从句(或状语从句)，句子的另一部分称为主句。

如：He stayed at home because he was ill. (副词从句，修饰 stayed, He stayed at home为主句)

       He will come here if it doesn’t rain. (副词从句，修饰动词come, He will come here为主句)

如果整个分句起名词的作用(用作主语、宾语、表语或同位语)，这种从句称名词从句。

如：That he has resigned (主语从句) is true.

        I know that he is honest. (宾语从句，作动词know的宾语)

        That depends on how he did it. (宾语从句，作介词on的宾语)

形容词从句、副词从句、名词从句，统称为从属句(Subordinate Clauses)，简称从句。通常它都由从属连词(Subordinate Conjunctions)引带。凡包含从句的句子都称为复合句(Complex Sentences)

不包含从句或分句的句子称为简单句(Simple Sentences)，如：John came yesterday. He does not know anything about her death.